Proteins are very important molecules in our cells. They are involved in virtually all cell functions. Each protein within the body has a specific role. Some proteins are involved in structural support, while others are involved in bodily movement, or in defense against germs.
Proteins vary in structure as well as function. They are constructed from a set of 20 amino acids and have distinct three-dimensional shapes. Below is a list of a few types of proteins and their functions:
- Antibodies defend the body from germs.
- Contractile proteins are responsible for movement.
- Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
- Storage proteins store amino acids.
To learn more about proteins, visit
Protein Function.
Researchers have uncovered the key to the production of a specific type of fat called brown fat. Because brown fat generates heat by burning calories and releasing energy, it is hoped that this discovery can lead to new treatments for obesity.
In the study, researchers identified the molecular switch responsible for the creation of brown fat. This switch, the PRDM16 gene, converts immature
muscle cells into brown cells when activated.
There are two types of adipose (fat) tissue in the body; brown fat and white fat. White fat stores energy and helps to insulate the body, while brown fat burns energy and generates heat. Now that the PRDM16 gene has been identified, the focus now shifts to the development of drugs that can convert white fat into brown fat. Another possibility would be to develop a method for transplanting brown fat into the body to stimulate fat loss.
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